Part III of the Constitution of India (Articles 12 to 35) guarantees fundamental rights to every citizen. These rights protect our dignity and freedom, and they can be enforced in the High Courts and the Supreme Court.
The six fundamental rights
- Right to Equality (Articles 14–18) – equality before law and no discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
- Right to Freedom (Articles 19–22) – freedom of speech, assembly, movement and profession, and protection of life and personal liberty.
- Right against Exploitation (Articles 23–24) – prohibition of human trafficking, forced labour and child labour in hazardous work.
- Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25–28) – freedom of conscience and the right to profess, practise and propagate religion.
- Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29–30) – protection of the interests of minorities.
- Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) – the right to approach the Supreme Court when your fundamental rights are violated.
What can you do if your rights are violated?
You can file a complaint with the concerned authority, approach the State or National Human Rights Commission, or file a writ petition in the High Court or Supreme Court. Free legal aid is available through the Legal Services Authorities for eligible citizens.
If you need guidance, contact the Human Rights Justice and Anti Corruption Council. Our team will help you understand the right steps to take.